With the widespread use of GIS, multi-scale representation has become an important issue in the realm of spatial data handling. Focusing on geometric transformations, this resource presents comprehensive coverage of the low-level algorithms available for the multi-scale representations of different types of spatial features, including point clusters, individual lines, a class of lines, individual areas, and a class of areas. It also discusses algorithms for multi-scale representation of 3-D surfaces and 3-D features. Containing over 250 illustrations to supplement the discussion, the book provides the most recent research results, such as raster-based work, algorithm improvements, snakes, wavelets, and empirical mode decomposition.