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.
, , Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Germany

http://www.mpip-mainz.mpg.de/~vinograd/
() , , , , , ..


1




20

A E (h) = - 12 h



2
10

Force/Radius

2 2 exp(-h) E ( h)

0

-10

10

20

30

40

Distance

:
1. , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. - , , 6.



"":
, , . :

,

: , , , .



- :
, , ,

: ,

:

, , - ...


2



(SFA)
(FECO) .

h

+/- 0.1 nm. , .



- (AFM)


SFA: - -

z y x





(PIA).
Laser diode Position sensitive device

X

Y

DPT controller Digital piezo translator

PIA AFM:

- , - 15 m 4 m AFM. - , «a position sensitive device» - .




?
Evanescent field Coverslip Oil Objective Laser SPR

?

AF
Four cycles of sinusoidal input

AFM

AFM


3


""

ma =


L(t)

Fi

Fh + Fs = Fk

h(t)

Fk = K(t ),

6 R h R g dh Fh = - f *, h dt

(t ) = h(t ) - L(t )

SFA

AFM

-



O.I.Vinogradova and R.G.Horn, Langmuir, 2001, 17, 1604, O.I.Vinogradova et al, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2001, 72, 2330


, AFM


D 3p = 12D
D( x , t ) = H + ( L - x ) +
z

di


wL

M ( x) =

:
:
3vµL z ( L) = - 8k
3 1 w 4 3 2 3 в 1 - + 3 - 3 ln1 + 3 2 h + 2R


0x

p ( x ' , y )( x '- x ) dy dx '


2 z 3M ( x ) = KL3 x 2

=

h + 2R L

O.I.Vinogradova et al, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2001, 72, 2330


"" .

()

()




4 . 1. AFM


AFM. .
8 6

0.87 micron/s 11 micron/s 85 micron/s

:
1. ( ) 2. ( )

Force / nN

4

mica
2 0

-100

-75

-50

-25

0

25

Distance / nm
Load

Deformation Elastic Contained plastic Uncontained plastic

dD 2R D + (K + 6RY ) D - Kv0 t - F = 0 a dt
a - , , D - , Y -

H.J.Butt et al, J. Chem. Phys., 2000, 113, 1194


. .
AFM G.E.Yakubov et al. , J. Adhesion Sci. Tech., 2000, 14, 1783; .. ., , 2001,
Aqueous electrolyte


10 5

Force/Ra dius [ mN/m]

0 -5 - 10 - 15 -20 -25 -30 -2000 - 1500 - 1000 - 500 0 500 1000 1500 2000

cos r =

R - Db R

2500

Position [nm]

Bubble

= D

b

95 90

1.

= (r1 , r2 )

Contact angle [deg.]

85 80 75 70 65 60 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8

= -0.4 nN

2. . cos ( r1 ) - ( r 2 )

cos = cos +

Radius [microns]

3.





r1 + r

2





(self-assembled
thiol layers, silanated silica, etc)
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4

C = 10 M
-4

1 2 3 4 5 6

F/R [mN/m]

0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Distance [nm]

, (1), (2), (3), (4) . DLVO -70 vs -65 mV(5) and -60 vs -50 mV (6)

0

Fattractive = Ftotal - FDL - FvdW

-1

ln(-F/R) [mN/m]

-2

-3

1. 2. .

-4

-5 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Distance [nm]

G.E.Yakubov et al., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2000, 104, 3407; O.I.Vinogradova et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2001, 114, 8124



CAB, -

out in
V

N
I II III IV

in-phase

Glu-Phe-Lys-Lys

out-of-phas in-phase



C K.Mitsui et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com., 2000, 272, 55










4 . 2. SFA




x

m
Radial distance, r (µm )
-80 - 40 0 0 40

J.N.Connor,PhD thesis, University of South Australia, 2001
80 t0 + 16 s t0 + 8 s

200

t0 + 4 s t+2s 0 t0 + 1 s t0 + 0.5 s

400 t0 + 0.08 s

600

time = t0

Approach speed 50 µm /s

D (nm )
800

Undeformed drop shape (far from contact)



1000 900 800 700 600

1000 900 800 700 600

h (nm)
0 5 10 t (s) 15 20

h (nm)

500 400 300 200 100 0

500 400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 t (s) 15 20

No-slip : 0.1% (1-) 92.5% 7.4%
z
v
b

Slip
10 8 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 t (s) 20 25 30

µ b = b - 1 µ s



v
b

s

µ µ

b s

is the thikness of layer with altered viscosity is the bulk viscosity is the surface viscosity

R.G.Horn et al, J. Chem. Phys., 2000, 112, 6424; O.I.Vinogradova and F.Feuillebois, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2000, 221, 1

Deformation w (0) (nm)


4 . 3. ???


?
µ b = b - 1 µ s

µ µ

b s

is the thikness of layer with altered viscosity is the bulk viscosity is the surface viscosity

z

v

b



v
b

s

v vs = b b , z
vs is the slip velocity

b 0 :vs 0

v b : b 0 z

, b=10

b is the slip length vb is the liquid velocity in the bulk

O.I.Vinogradova, Int. J. Mineral Proc., 1999, 56, 31; Langmuir, 1995, 11, 2213