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Proposed scheme of liquid manure treatment:
A - farm (manure production); B - separation of solids/liquid (straw filter);
C - composting of solids; D - final form of fertiliser;
E - anaerobic elimination of major part of COD (and nitrate if necessary): UASB reactor;
F - physico-chemical removal of nutrients: struvite (MgNH4PO4) & hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH)
precipitation, ammonia removal by zeolite followed by its regeneration by HNO3;
G - biological elimination of resting BOD and nutrients (airlift).
Relative decrease in total COD, N and P concentrations after each treatment step:
RMW - raw manure wastewater SF - straw filter;
SHP - struvite & hydroxyapatite precipitation Z -zeolite;
AL - airlift
Valuable by-products:
Dr. S.V.Kalyuzhnyi, Dept. of Chemical Enzymology, Chemistry Faculty, Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia;
Phone: 7-(095)-9395083; Fax: 7-(095)-9395417 or 9393589; email: svk@enz.chem.msu.ru