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This is the common scenario for installing DokuWiki in a corporate environment or on your own rootserver.

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     make sure you have Apache and PHP installed (most GNU/Linux distributions come with packages for Apache and PHP) - make sure the versions are suitable for DokuWiki
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     extract the tarball somewhere below your webserver documentroot eg:

#> cd /var/www/
#> tar -xzvf /path/to/downloaded/dokuwiki-YYYY-MM-DD.tgz

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     rename the directory if you like

#> mv dokuwiki-YYYY-MM-DD dokuwiki

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     Create an empty logfile

#> touch dokuwiki/data/changes.log

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     If you're going to be using the access control (ACL) features, you need to create the users.auth.php and acl.auth.php files (just a user, TL)

#> cp dokuwiki/conf/users.auth.php.dist dokuwiki/conf/users.auth.php
#> cp dokuwiki/conf/acl.auth.php.dist dokuwiki/conf/acl.auth.php

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     Set up the correct permissions
     o
     Usually the webserver runs as a unprivileged user eg nobody, www-data or apache
     o
     The webserver needs to be able to write to some files and directories (so change the chown nobody to match your configuration e.g. chown apache ...)
     o
     If you're using access control, you need to change the group ownership permissions on the appropriate files and make them writeable by the web server user's group (use group ownership, because as a user/web site admin, you'll need to edit the files directly) - otherwise, users won't be able to register, and you won't be able to set ACL controls via the web interface, and you'll get error messages; I always forget these steps when I do an install using ACL features, so that's why I'm adding them here.
     o
     The group name the web server runs as is usually identical to the user name, except in the case of the 'nobody/nogroup' combo - but check your server config just in case (just a user, TL)

#> chgrp nogroup dokuwiki/conf/users.auth.php
#> chgrp nogroup dokuwiki/conf/acl.auth.php

#> chown -R nobody dokuwiki/data

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     edit dokuwiki/conf/dokuwiki.php (see config) if you want to change anything within it. Better yet, create dokuwiki/conf/local.php containing those lines from dokuwiki.php which you want to change. This way, your changes are preserved when overwriting the dokuwiki.php with a new release.
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     finally, test if everything is set up correctly. Use the check option in a URL and pull it up into a browser: http://127.0.0.1/dokuwiki/doku.php?do=check

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     if you're using the access control features, you'll need to set yourself up as an administrative user (either add your user account to the appropriate entry in the dokuwiki.php or local.php file, or put your account in the admin group you specified in these files), in order for the 'admin' button to appear when you log in (just a user, TL)

Notes

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     Occasionally chowning can be no good at all, I couldn't chown files to another user on a server I was using, instead I chmodded my data dir.
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     The options specified in .htaccess can sometimes cause an error. It gave me an 'Internal Server Error 500'. I could not run any php code, no matter how simple. Comment out the <Files> section of .htaccess and check to be sure access to .ht* files is restricted in your httpd.conf (or other web server config) file.
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     If the RewriteEngine rules in .htaccess give you error 500, add RewriteBase /path where /path is the path to doku.php from your website's URL.

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