V.A. Kreisberg, V.P. Rakcheev
Diffusion diagnostics of microporosity in nanoporous amorphous silicas
and porous glasses
Proceedings of the 6th ESG Conference "2002 Glass Odyssey", Montpellier,
France, 2-6 June 2002, v.A5, p. 1-5 (2002)
ABSTRACT.
Polymodal nanoporosity of silica materials has been studied by
two new methods. The first method of diffusion diagnostics is based on
the high-sensitive mass spectral registration of kinetics of gas
desorption from pores into high vacuum. The second method resides in the
analysis of equilibrium desorption and adsorption isotherms at low
partial pressures. The computer fitting of equilibrium isotherms and
diffusion kinetics of nitrogen, oxygen and argon desorption at 77.5 K
has revealed the availability of microporous substructure in mesoporous
amorphous silicas and porous glasses. Trimodal nanoporous structure of
silicas and porous glasses consists essentially of transporting
mesopores with mean diameter from 3 to 15 nm and two kinds of adsorbing
micropores with diameter 0.3-0.4 and 0.6-0.7 nm what corresponds 1 and 2
diameters of gas molecules. The morphology of pores in porous glasses
depends on method of glass producing by leaching of alkali borosilicate
glasses. Gas adsorption in micropores has a character of volume filling.
Micropore volume in porous glasses is equal to 3-6% from total pore
volume. For amorphous silicas the volume of micropores depends on method
of synthesis and on the size of globules. Gas diffusion in mesopores is
mainly Knudsen diffusion although the effective diffusion coefficient is
the complicated function of Knudsen diffusion coefficient, surface
diffusion coefficient and Henry's adsorption constant. The mechanism of
diffusion in micropores is surface-diffusion one. The perspective
direction of using the diffusion method for pore morphology diagnostics
is its application for researching the systems with small pore volume:
nanoporous coatings, films and surface defective layers on optical
materials.
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