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Landscape-environmental assessment of bird communities in Middle Aldan valley. - Vartapetov L.G., Egorov N.N., and Okoneshnikov V.V. - A characteristic of bird communities in a poorly studied area of Russia is given. Trends of the spatial changes of the dominant and faunistic composition, density, specific richness, and layer distribution of ornithocomplexes and their determinant environmental factors are identified. The roles of zonal and local landscape-ecological conditions in the formation of bird communities are compared. The status of the protected bird species is determined. The survey results are compared with similar information on the downstream river Maya valley.
Key words: bird communities, dominant composition, faunistic composition, population density, specific richness, layer distribution.
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Biphasic dependence of some biochemical and morphogenetic birch leaf lamina parameters on the motor-transport pollution level. - Erofeeva E.A., Sukhov V.S., and Naumova M.M. - A biphasic dependence of the photosynthetic pigment quantity, lipid peroxidation intensity, and fluctuating asymmetry factor of birch leaf lamina on the motor-transport load level is shown. During the first phase of this dependence, an increase in the anthropogenous load caused alteration of birch homeostasis (a reduction of the photosynthetic pigment quantity, an increase in both the lipid peroxidation intensity and fluctuating asymmetry factor). In the second phase, a further increase in the anthropogenous load, on the contrary, normalized the homeostasis state (reduced the intensity of lipid peroxidation, increased the quantity of pigments and fluctuating asymmetry).
Key words: Betula pendula, lipid peroxidation, pigments, fluctuating asymmetry, biphasic dependence, motor-transport pollution.
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Contemporary state of the Demoiselle Crane population in the steppe Transurals. - Korovin V.A. - The Demoiselle Crane population was studied in the southern Cheliabinsk region (52њ 12' N; 60њ 21' E) during 1988 - 2008. Counts of nesting pairs were conducted over the area of 100 - 130 km2 annually, in May. The number of breeding pairs varied from 6.5 to 9.5 per 100 km2; on the average, there were 8 pairs per 100 km2 during 1989 - 1991. In 2000 - 2008, the population density varied from 7.5 to 12 pairs per 100 km2; on the average, 9.3 pairs per 100 km2. Demoiselle Crane nesting on steppe pastures and perennial grass fields was rarely observed in the last decade. Now the main nesting biotopes of the species are stubble fields, on which 70% of all nidification cases are registered. Agricultural production degradation in the last decades has resulted in the appearance of long-fallow lands, on which 17 to 35% crane pairs nest.
Key words: Anthropoides virgo, abundance, biotopic distribution, steppe Transurals.
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Specific composition and peculiarities of the Centric Diatom flora in waterbodies and watercourses of Kamchatka. - Kulikovskiy M.S. and Shkurina N.A. - On the basis of exploring samples from Lake Dal'neye (Kamchatka) and small watercourses (Pereval'nyi, Rally, Samatkin Kluch, Sornyi, Cholodnyi, Troinoy), the specific composition of these biotopes has been discovered. The diatom flora in the ecosystems studied is formed by rare oligosaprobic northern species. Differences between small watercourses and those between Lake Dal'neye and other lakes are shown. Stephanodiscus minutulus and S. invisitatus are most abundant species in Kamchatka springs. Changes in the diatom flora of Lake Dal'neye in 1946 - 2003 are analyzed. We have considered the specific character frequency and seasonal abundance in this lake as well. S. minutulus is the most abundant species in Lake Dal'neye. This taxon, along with Aulacoseira subarctica and Stephanodiscus alpinus, forms a group of species to be prevalent in other Kamchatka lakes.
Key words: Kamchatka, Lake Dal'neye, watercourses, centric diatoms, flora.
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Industrial wetlands as reservations for biological diversity conservation of birds in forest-steppe zones. - Spiridonov S.N., Sarychev V.S., Okolelov A.Yu., Isakov G.N., and Sucharev E.A. - The rare bird fauna in industrial wetlands in the forest-steppe zone of European Russia in the breeding period was studied. Habitation of 146 bird species has been established, of which 40 are rare (listed in the regional Red Data Books). Facts of nesting, often single ones in the region, were established for them. Data are given on the industrial wetland significance as most important places for conservation and abundance increase of rare species in the region.
Key words: rare bird species, industrial wetlands, forest-steppe zone.
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Hematophagous biting-lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Amblycera) and Ixodes ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) of Curonian Spit migratory birds. - Tolstenkov O.O., Alekseev A.N., and Dubinina H.V. - Migratory-bird ectoparasites (hematophagous biting lice Amblycera and Ixodid ticks) were studied on the Curonian Spit (Kaliningrad region, Russia) during the autumn migration period. 674 birds belonging to 31 species were examined in total. For the first time the prevalence of these two groups of hematophagous arthropods in birds was compared, and the possibility of exchange with transmissible disease agents between them was estimated.
Key words: migratory birds, Passeriformes, hematophagous biting-lice, Amblycera, Ixodes ricinus ticks, prevalence.
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On development duration of oribatid mites of Crotonioidea superfamily (Acari, Oribatida) in different temperature modes. - Ermilov S.G. - The results of studying of the embryonic and postembrionic development duration of 11 oribatid mite species from the Crotonioidea superfamily in laboratory conditions are discussed. The influence of temperature mode on their development is considered. Peculiarities of their development time were studied for representatives of several families. The theoretical development duration at different temperatures, the sum of effective temperatures, and the bottom point of development were measured for the majority of species.
Key words: Crotonioidea, development duration, temperature mode.
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The Desnogorskoe waterbody, the water reservoir-cooler of Smolenskaya APP, macrophytes community shaping. - Katzman E.A. and Kuchkina M.A. - The data about the Desnogorskoe waterbody, the water reservoir-cooler of Smolenskaya APP, macrophytes community shaping, distribution to the water area, hydrophytes formations arisen, their phytomass and phenology.
Key words: macrophytes, hydrophytes formations, associations, phenological phase, abiotic factors.
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Biotopical distribution of rodents in flood-plain forest and steppes of the Khopyor region. - Tsvetkova A.A. and Obidina V.A. - A population of small mammals in the flood-land and anthropogenous biotopes in the steppe zone was examined in the Oka-Don plain (the Saratov Right-Volga-bank region). In the Khopyor flood-plain, the forest community of small mammals is based on Clethrionomys glareolus, Apodemus uralensis, and A. flavicollis. All forest biotopes feature a high level of the rodent abundance, but a low specific variety. A high populations density of Cl. glareolus, A. uralensis, and A. agrarius was noted in 2008, the number of Cl. glareolus being 44 example in trap day. In the direction from the Khopyor river flood-plain forest towards steppe biotopes, the total abundance level and the degree of prevalence of such typically wood species of small mammals as Cl. glareolus and Apodemus flavicollis reduce.
Key words: rodents, flood-plain forest, steppe, abundance, biotopical distribution, Saratov Right-Volga-bank zone.
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On heavy metal accumulation in higher aquatic vegetation of the Volgograd reservoir. - Shashulovskaya E.A. - Features of cadmium, lead and copper accumulation in both vegetating and non-vegetating higher aquatic plants on various shallow areas of the Volgograd reservoir were studied. The influence of the degree of eutrophication and water flow on heavy metals accumulation by macrophytes on shallow areas is shown. A quantitative estimation of the annual accumulation of these metals in water plants is given.
Key words: heavy metals, macrophytes, shallow areas.
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