... sin f = y / r . cos f = x / r . ... They are now viewed as new definitions of the sine and cosine, for the polar angle f given by x and y ( a slightly different way of formulating this definition is described further below ). ... sin 2 f + cos 2 f = 1 . ... Angle . ... Many trigonometry texts define the sine and cosine slightly differently, using the so-called unit circle . ... Then the distance AB ("the sine line") equals sin a , and the distance OA ("the cosine line") equals cos a . ...

... GUI­fying and Documenting your Shell Script Peter. ... We describe a simple method to annotate shell scripts and have a preprocessor extract a set of variables, present them to the user in a GUI (using Tcl/Tk) with context sensitive help, and run the script. ... Tcl/Tk: TkRun The GUI that is created will provide a simple interface to a program that is spawned by the GUI. ... Sample Script: testscript Here is an example header from a C­shell script with which Figure 1 was made. ...

... Bad Astronomy . ... I think I will break from my usual format of Bad Astronomy/ Good Astronomy by saying that the way we define seasons currently is not strictly bad, but I feel (in my opinion!) that it could be better. The definition of when the seasons begin is at the moment of solstice or equinox; that is, winter (in the north) starts on December 22 nd and summer starts on June 22 nd . ... Now imagine breaking up the Sun's 46 degree up-and-down yearly swing into 1 day intervals. ...

ESO New General detector Controller ( NGC ) ( NGC ) Base Software And Infrared Detector Control Software 16/08/2008 J. Stegmeier Detector 4 - ADC ADC Detector [N] - ADC ADC Down Up AQ Clock/Bias Driver Sequencer Down FEB Up NGC LLCU (Linux) [N] - ADC ADC 23 Detector Detector Detector Detector Detector Detector Up ... Driver and Interface Device Driver for Linux kernels 2.4 and 2.6 (software module "ngcdrv "). ... VLTSW-Release New Detectors (Aquarius). ...

... Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, +44 (0)28 3752 2928 . ... When we designed the exhibit, we wanted the zodiacal constellations to be indicated. However, whereas the Orrery is laid out in the ecliptic plane, constellations are defined in B1875 equatorial coordinates. Therefore for each adjacent pair of zodiacal constellations, we calculated the point at which the J2000 ecliptic intersects the boundary between the two constellations. ... numbers . plot . image . ...

This page will contain definitions (and basic references) of the following parameters: . cross-sections C ext , C sca , C abs , C bk ; . efficiencies Q ext , Q sca , Q abs , Q bk ; . ... TE/TM mode definitions for arbitrary shapes. Note that some parameters are defined in a quite different (specific) manner than for spherical scatterers, and some definitions in the book of Mishchenko et al. ...

... Matertials can be submitted exactly to the LOC (during the conference) or via e-mail to M.E.Prokhorov ( mike@sai.msu.su ) or to M.Yu.Khlopov ( mkhlopov@orc.ru ). Papers should be prepared as LATEX files. The paper should contain 6 pages (including title list, figures and references). ... A special style was prepared for the conference proceedings. ... Figures should be submitted in the form of PostScript files, or in printed form (camera-ready). ...

The program xmccd1 defined in this directory provides a standalone user interface for camera control. It does not utilize the INDI protocol and should not be operated at the same time the indiserver is running a driver for the same camera.

A. Singh Institute of Mathematical Sciences, C.I.T. Chennai, India anupamk18@gmail.com Real elements in algebraic groups Let G be an algebraic group defined over a field k . ... Let G be a connected semisimple algebraic group of adjoint type defined over a perfect field k . ... It follows that if G is connected semisimple of adjoint type, with -1 in its Weyl group, then every semisimple element in G(k ) is strongly real in G(k ). This also shows that any regular element in such a group is real. ...

... TIME[4]+1)." TIME[5]+1900); $time = @TIME[2]." ... TIME [0]; $query; if($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'GET'){ $query = $ENV{'QUERY_STRING'}; }elsif($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'POST'){ sysread ... /=/,$fvalues[$i],2); $name= urldecode($name); $val= urldecode($val); $field{$name} = $val; } } $bib_file=$bib_file1; if( defined $field{'db'}){ $bib_file=$bib_file1 if ($field{'db'} eq 1 ); $bib_file=$bib_file2 if ($field{'db'} eq 2 ) ...

The points are analogous to ones for the 4 th , 5 th , 6 th and 7 th Asian-Pacific Astronomy Olympiads . ... National Astronomy Olympic Committees and interested organizations are welcome to ask more about the 8 th APAO and in 2012 may form the teams for the 17 th IAO as well as for the 8 th APAO. The official APAO e-mail is a p a o [a] l i s t . ... Dr. Michael G. Gavrilov, Founding Chairman and Coordinator of the Asian-Pacific Astronomy Olympiad (APAO) . ... e-mail: gavrilov@issp.ac.ru . ...

In this gallery are many images of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies which have recently been discovered and analyzed. ... The central surface brightness of this galaxy is 24.28 . Malin 2 This galaxy is another huge disk galaxy with a scale length of 15 kpc and a redshift of 15000 km/a. The high surface brightness knot in one of its spiral arms actually has the same color, luminosity and H-alpha equivalent width as the entire Large Magellanic Cloud . ... Truly it is a Low Surface Brightness Galaxy. ...

... Equinox of object coordinates BJ = 18.87 / bJ magnitude UMBJ = -0.69 / u - bJ colour BJMR = 0.22 / bJ - r colour NOBS = 1 / Number of 2dF observations available IS_ BEST = 'TRUE ' / TRUE if this file contains the best 2dF observa DATEBEST= '24/09/00' / Date of best 2dF observation (DD/MM/YY) ID_ BEST = 'QSO ' / ID from best 2dF observation QUALBEST= 11 / Data quality flag from best 2dF observation Z_ ...

Information Technology - Test methods for measuring conformance to POSIX. ... The general requirements and test methods for measuring conformance to POSIX standards are defined. ... asssertion, assertiobn test, base assertion, conditional feature, extended assertions, POSIX, POSIX Conformance Document, POSIX Conformance Test Procedure, POSIX Conformance Test Suite, test method, test result code . ... Section 4: Testing Levels and Complexity Levels . ... Section 7: assertion Test Output . ...

... 8, ``Celestial Mechanics'', 2002 An approximate projection of confidence ellipsoids of space objects positions onto the celestial sphere A. P. Baturin Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Tomsk, Russia The approximate method of calculation of a visible border of probable motion regions (PMR) for space objects (SO) has been considered. ... As a result, the simple analytical expressions for border points of PMR projection onto the celestial sphere have been obtained. ...

... Geocenter motion - this is vector offset of CF relative to CM. ... SCR TOPEX/ DORIS monthly solution on span 1993.0 - 2000.1, (http://sbgg.jpl.nasa.gov); 2 J (t ) = a0 + b0 t + A0 sin (t - t 0 ) + 0 , P A0 P - amplitude of the signal; - period ... ); - initial phase of the signal; - offset; - trend; - time; - arbitrary initial time (we take t0 - 1st January). 0 0 b0 t t0 X SOLUTION Span Annual A, mm IGN /JPL (w e e kly) Y Semiannual A, mm 1.0 ± 0.3 5.2 ± 0.4 15.5 ± 0.2 1.1 ± 0.5 1.5 ± ...

RELATIVE SUNSPOT NUMBERS Description of Data from SGD Explanation of Data Reports: Relative Sunspot Numbers -- The relative sunspot number is an index of the activity of the entire visible disk of the Sun. ... The provisional daily Zurich relative sunspot numbers, Rz, were based upon observations made at Zurich and its two branch stations in Arosa and Locarno and communicated by M. Waldmeier of the Swiss Federal Observatory. ... This indicates the uncertainty above and below the predicted number. ...

On the minimization properties of the Tisserand systems Alberto 1 1 Escapa Д , Tomas B 1 aenas Д , Jose Manuel Ferr 1 Д andiz , & Juan Get 2 ino Dept. ... Hence, for an arbitrar y vector different from 0, we have 1 (6) Tdef + = Tdef ( ) - L + I + I . ... 2 Since the matrix of iner tia is definite positive, we have that (7) doing so, the rotation of the par ticles is identified with the rotation of the body axes with respect to some iner tial, or quasi- iner tial, reference system OX Y Z . ...

... available from http://www.vsop.isas.ac.jp/ops/VSOG_doc.html . draft dated 1 July 1996. ... dated 12 March 1996. ... version 2.0, dated 14 Dec 96. ... version 2.0, dated 19 Feb 1996. ... version 1.0, dated 11 October 1996. ... version 3.0, dated 10 April 1996. ... version 1.1, dated 30 July 1996. ... version 1.10, dated 13 Nov 1996. ... version 1.0, dated 05 Sep 1997. available from http://www.vsop.isas.ac.jp/ops/VSOG_doc.html . ... draft version dated 27 November 1996. back to top . ...

... The VSOP Survey Continuum Source List . The radio sample for the VSOP continuum survey was defined to include all extragalactic radio sources with: . a total flux density at 5 GHz, S>=1.0 Jy . ... The sample also included all sources in the sky with a 5 GHz flux density S>5 Jy, regardless of spectral index and galactic latitude. ... The source would then be included in the VSOP sample (three of the sources were found with a flux density above 1 Jy and added to the sample). ...