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3201. break
... Next . break ends execution of the current for , foreach while , do..while or switch structure. break accepts an optional numeric argument which tells it how many nested enclosing structures are to be broken out of. $ arr = array ('one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'stop', 'five'); while (list (, $ val ) = each ($ arr )) { if ($ val == 'stop') { break ; /* You could also write ' break 1;' here. */ } echo $ ... foreach . ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.break.html -- 4.2 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3202. continue
... Prev . ... Control Structures . Next . continue is used within looping structures to skip the rest of the current loop iteration and continue execution at the beginning of the next iteration . continue accepts an optional numeric argument which tells it how many levels of enclosing loops it should skip to the end of. while (list ($ key , $ value ) = each ($arr)) { if (!($ key % 2)) { // skip odd members continue ; } do_something_odd ($ ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.continue.html -- 4.1 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3203. foreach
... foreach(array_expression as $value) statement foreach(array_expression as $key => $value) statement . ... foreach example 1: value only */ $a = array (1, 2, 3, 17); foreach ($a as $v) { print Current value of \$a: $v.\n ; } /* foreach example 2: value (with key printed for illustration) */ $a = array (1, 2, 3, 17); $i = 0; /* for illustrative purposes only */ foreach ($a as $v) { print \$a[$i] = $v.\n ; } /* foreach example 3: key and value */ $a = ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.foreach.html -- 7.1 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3204. switch
PHP Manual . ... The switch statement is similar to a series of IF statements on the same expression. ... if ($i == 0) { print "i equals 0"; } if ($i == 1) { print "i equals 1"; } if ($i == 2) { print "i equals 2"; } switch ($i) { case 0: print "i equals 0"; break; case 1: print "i equals 1"; break; case 2: print "i equals 2"; break; } . ... Only when a case statement is found with a value that matches the value of the switch expression does PHP begin to execute the statements. ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.switch.html -- 8.2 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3205. Alternative syntax for control structures
PHP Manual . ... Control Structures . ... PHP offers an alternative syntax for some of its control structures; namely, if , while , for , foreach , and switch . In each case, the basic form of the alternate syntax is to change the opening brace to a colon (:) and the closing brace to endif; , endwhile; , endfor; , endforeach; , or endswitch; , respectively. <?php if ($a == 5): ?> A is equal to 5 <?php endif; ?> ... The alternative syntax applies to else and elseif as well. ... elseif . ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.alternative-syntax.html -- 5.0 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3206. do..while
... do..while loops are very similar to while loops, except the truth expression is checked at the end of each iteration instead of in the beginning. ... There is just one syntax for do..while loops: . i = 0; do { print $i; } while ($i>0); . ... Advanced C users may be familiar with a different usage of the do..while loop, to allow stopping execution in the middle of code blocks, by encapsulating them with do..while (0), and using the break statement. ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.do.while.html -- 5.3 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3207. elseif
... elseif , as its name suggests, is a combination of if and else . Like else , it extends an if statement to execute a different statement in case the original if expression evaluates to FALSE . However, unlike else , it will execute that alternative expression only if the elseif conditional expression evaluates to TRUE . ... if ($a > $b) { print "a is bigger than b"; } elseif ($a == $b) { print "a is equal to b"; } else { print "a is smaller than b"; } . ... else . ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.elseif.html -- 5.3 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3208. for
PHP Manual . ... for loops are the most complex loops in PHP. ... The syntax of a for loop is: . for (expr1; expr2; expr3) statement . ... Each of the expressions can be empty. expr2 being empty means the loop should be run indefinitely (PHP implicitly considers it as TRUE , like C). This may not be as useless as you might think, since often you'd want to end the loop using a conditional break statement instead of using the for truth expression. Consider the following examples. ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.for.html -- 6.4 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3209. while
... while loops are the simplest type of loop in PHP. ... The basic form of a while statement is: . ... It tells PHP to execute the nested statement(s) repeatedly, as long as the while expression evaluates to TRUE . The value of the expression is checked each time at the beginning of the loop, so even if this value changes during the execution of the nested statement(s), execution will not stop until the end of the iteration (each time PHP runs the statements in the loop is one iteration). ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.while.html -- 5.3 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3210. else
... Control Structures . ... Often you'd want to execute a statement if a certain condition is met, and a different statement if the condition is not met. This is what else is for. else extends an if statement to execute a statement in case the expression in the if statement evaluates to FALSE . ... The else statement is only executed if the if expression evaluated to FALSE , and if there were any elseif expressions - only if they evaluated to FALSE as well (see elseif ). ... elseif ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/control-structures.else.html -- 4.4 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3211. Operators
... Next . ... Arithmetic Operators . Assignment Operators . Bitwise Operators . Comparison Operators . ... Execution Operators . ... Remainder of $a divided by $b. The division operator ("/") returns an integer value (the result of an integer division) if the two operands are integers (or strings that get converted to integers) and the quotient is an integer. If either operand is a floating-point value, or the operation results in a non-integer value, a floating-point value is returned. ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.html -- 5.5 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3212. Incrementing/Decrementing Operators
PHP Manual . ... Operators . ... PHP supports C-style pre- and post-increment and decrement operators. ... Increment/decrement Operators . Example . ... Pre-increment . Increments $a by one, then returns $a. $a++ . Post-increment . Returns $a, then increments $a by one. --$a . Pre-decrement . Decrements $a by one, then returns $a. $a-- . Post-decrement . Returns $a, then decrements $a by one. ... php echo "<h3>Postincrement</h3>"; $a = 5; echo "Should be 5: " . ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.increment.html -- 5.0 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3213. Logical Operators
... Prev . ... Operators . Next . ... TRUE if both $a and $b are TRUE . ... TRUE if either $a or $b is TRUE . a xor $b . Xor . TRUE if either $a or $b is TRUE , but not both. ! ... TRUE if $a is not TRUE . ... The reason for the two different variations of "and" and "or" operators is that they operate at different precedences. See Operator Precedence .) ... Incrementing/Decrementing Operators . ... Operator Precedence ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.logical.html -- 5.0 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3214. Operator Precedence
... Prev . ... Operators . Next . The precedence of an operator specifies how "tightly" it binds two expressions together. For example, in the expression 1 + 5 * 3 , the answer is 16 and not 18 because the multiplication ("*") operator has a higher precedence than the addition ("+") operator. ... The following table lists the precedence of operators with the lowest-precedence operators listed first. ... left . ... right . ... non-associative . ... Logical Operators . ... String Operators ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.precedence.html -- 6.1 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3215. String Operators
... Operators . ... There are two string operators. The first is the concatenation operator ('.'), which returns the concatenation of its right and left arguments. The second is the concatenating assignment operator ('.='), which appends the argument on the right side to the argument on the left side. Please read Assignment Operators for more information. $a = "Hello "; $b = $a . World!"; // now $b contains "Hello World!" $a = "Hello "; $a .= World!"; // now $a contains "Hello World!" ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.string.html -- 3.7 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3216. Bitwise Operators
... Prev . ... Operators . Next . Bitwise operators allow you to turn specific bits within an integer on or off. ... Bits that are set in both $a and $b are set. $a | ... Bits that are set in either $a or $b are set. $a ^ $b . ... Bits that are set in $a or $b but not both are set. ~ $a . ... Shift left . Shift the bits of $a $b steps to the left (each step means "multiply by two") . ... Shift right . Shift the bits of $a $b steps to the right (each step means "divide by two") . ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.bitwise.html -- 4.7 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3217. Comparison Operators
PHP Manual . ... Operators . ... Comparison operators, as their name implies, allow you to compare two values. ... Equal . TRUE if $a is equal to $b. $a === $b . ... TRUE if $a is less than or equal to $b. $a >= $b . ... TRUE if $a is greater than or equal to $b. Another conditional operator is the "?:" (or ternary) operator, which operates as in C and many other languages. (expr1) ? ... This expression evaluates to expr2 if expr1 evaluates to TRUE , and expr3 if expr1 evaluates to FALSE . ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.comparison.html -- 6.2 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3218. Error Control Operators
PHP Manual . ... Operators . ... PHP supports one error control operator: the at sign (@). ... This variable will be overwritten on each error, so check early if you want to use it. <?php /* Intentional file error */ $my_file = @file ('non_existent_file') or die ("Failed opening file: error was '$php_errormsg'"); // this works for any expression, not just functions: $value = @$cache[$key]; // will not issue a notice if the index $key doesn't exist. Note: The @-operator works only on expressions. ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.errorcontrol.html -- 5.3 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3219. Execution Operators
PHP Manual . ... Operators . Next . PHP supports one execution operator: backticks (``). Note that these are not single-quotes! PHP will attempt to execute the contents of the backticks as a shell command; the output will be returned (i.e., it won't simply be dumped to output; it can be assigned to a variable). $output = `ls -al`; echo "<pre>$output</pre>"; . Note: The backtick operator is disabled when safe mode is enabled or shell_exec() is disabled. ... Error Control Operators . ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.operators.execution.html -- 4.4 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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3220. Expressions
... The simplest yet most accurate way to define an expression is "anything that has a value". ... When you type "$a = 5", you're assigning '5' into $a. '5', obviously, has the value 5, or in other words '5' is an expression with the value of 5 (in this case, '5' is an integer constant). ... Another good example of expression orientation is pre- and post-increment and decrement. ... In PHP/FI 2, the statement '$a++' has no value (is not an expression), and thus you can't assign it or use it in any way. ...
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Ссылки http://old.hcs.cmc.msu.ru/php/language.expressions.html -- 12.6 Кб -- 03.02.2002
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